Is "cascade utilization" of power lithium batteries feasible?
As of 2017, the total number of new energy vehicles promoted in my country has exceeded 1.8 million, the energy density of power batteries has tripled compared to 2012, and the price per kWh has dropped by more than 70 percent . Data show that in 2020, it is expected that China's domestic automotive power battery recycling will reach 257,000 tons, and this figure will reach 422,000 tons in 2022.
With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the retirement of power batteries in my country will gradually become large-scale. After the retirement of vehicle power batteries, it is necessary to consider its cascade utilization and recycling. Experts from the industry have mentioned the issue of power battery recycling, among which "echelon utilization" has become a high-frequency vocabulary.
Dakle, kako izvršiti kaskadno korištenje baterije? Gdje idu penzionisani akumulatori?
Liu Yanlong, generalni sekretar{0}}kineskog udruženja za hemijsku i fizičku industriju energije, rekao je da se nakon povlačenja akumulatora iz električnih vozila može koristiti 80 posto kapaciteta, pa je potrebno pridati veliki značaj kaskadno korištenje energetskih baterija.
Liu Yanlong je naglasio da, kako bismo izvršili kaskadno korištenje, prvo moramo razumjeti kvalitetu i sigurnosne performanse penzionisanih baterija. Kompanije koje se bave baterijom trebale bi uspostaviti platformu za sistem sljedivosti velikih podataka, te metode testiranja i evaluacije baterija. Veliki podaci bi trebali uključivati proizvodne podatke istraživanja i razvoja baterijskih ćelija, podatke o istraživanju i razvoju paketa baterija, podatke o praćenju rada-baterije na ploči, itd. Procjena zdravlja penzionisanih baterija se vrši putem velikih podataka kako bi se odrediti može li baterija ući na tržište kaskadne upotrebe.
Osim toga, potrebno je obratiti pažnju i na standardizaciju baterijskih ćelija i baterijskih paketa. Upotreba pojedinačnih ćelija sa manje specifikacija unutar preduzeća ne samo da može poboljšati nivo automatizacije proizvodnje radi smanjenja troškova i poboljšanja konzistentnosti proizvoda, već i olakšati buduću upotrebu kaskada. demontaža i reorganizacija. Stoga, u fazi projektovanja energetskih baterija, moraju se izvršiti pripreme za kaskadnu upotrebu i demontažu i reciklažu.
Naravno, nisu sve baterije prikladne za kaskadno korištenje. Wu Hui, direktor istraživanja Instituta za ekonomska istraživanja Yiwei, istakao je da zbog toga što baterija sa ternarnim napajanjem sadrži rijetke metale kao što su nikl, kobalt i mangan, litijum, kobalt, nikl, mangan, bakar, aluminijum, grafit, dijafragma i drugi materijali vade se demontažom. Može ostvariti ekonomske koristi od oko 42.900 juana po toni, čime se ostvaruje ekonomska izvodljivost. Međutim, ako se litijum-željezo-fosfatna baterija raspadne i demontira, može postići samo ekonomsku korist od oko 9.300 juana po toni, što je teško pokriti njenu cenu recikliranja. Stoga je litijum-gvozdeno-fosfatna baterija pogodnija za kaskadno korišćenje.
So where is the battery after the cascade utilization used? "After recycling retired batteries, we applied them to the field of energy storage. After the cascade utilization, the batteries will eventually be taken back for dismantling, recycling, physical sorting using automated technology, and finally returning to raw materials." BYD Battery Business Group Second Division Director Zhang Chunyu pointed out that taking BYD as an example, the cathode material lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials and our anode materials are being recycled as a whole at this stage. At present, the feasibility study has been completed, and a certain-scale recycling production line has been established.
The operation mode of power battery cascade utilization is a problem that is constantly explored in the industry. At this conference, the person in charge of a power battery company said that building an energy storage power station or continuing to use it on low-speed electric vehicles may be a feasible direction for the cascade utilization of power batteries. "At present, whether it is a large-scale energy storage system or a small-scale energy storage system, in general, more power batteries will be used for energy storage in more cascades," he said.
It is understood that since 2015, BYD has cooperated with other companies to build energy storage power stations. "For example, in Wuxi, we combined new energy vehicle charging piles to create an energy storage power station-style charging system. Now the charging stations are directly "hung" on the power grid, so we charge more frequently during the day and charge The cost will be relatively high. And our charging base station can reduce the charging price by "cutting peaks and filling valleys"." Zhang Chunyu emphasized that in the future, BYD will also cooperate in the field of power battery recycling industry to join hands with recycling companies. , do a good job in power battery recycling.
